Background and Aim : Today, the use of probiotics in the treatment and prevention of diseases is increasing. It has been shown that different species of genus Lactobacillus, as probiotic bacteria, might prevent some injuries induced by oxidative stress in laboratory animals. Oxidative stress has an important role in acetaminophen-induced renal toxicity. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus on acetaminophen-induced renal toxicity. Methods : In this study, four groups of laboratory rats (6/group) were used. The negative control group received no treatment. Acetaminophen control group received a single high dose of acetaminophen (1000 mg/kg, orally). The bacterial control group received 6×109 CFU of the bacterium (orally) daily for two weeks. The experimental group, after receiving 6×109 CFU of Lactobacillus rhamnosus daily for two weeks, received a single high dose of acetaminophen (1000 mg/kg). One day after acetaminophen administration, sampling of blood serum and kidney tissues was conducted for all groups. Results : The amount of urea and creatinine in the acetaminophen control group was significantly higher than the amount of these parameters in the negative control and bacterial control groups but not the experimental group. Renal tissue analysis showed damages such as glomerular necrosis and degeneration of tubular cells in both groups that received acetaminophen. Kidney tissue in the negative control and bacterial control groups had a normal appearance. Conclusion : : Lactobacillus rhamnosus has no preventive effects on renal toxicity caused by acetaminophen in Wistar rats.
