2025/12/5

Akbar Jahan

Academic rank: Assistant Professor
ORCID:
Education: PhD.
H-Index:
Faculty: Research Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics
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E-mail: jahan [at] maragheh.ac.ir
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Research

Title
Singularity Avoidance in Gravitational Collapse of an Inhomogeneous Fluid in Rastall Gravity
Type
JournalPaper
Keywords
Rastall gravity · Singularity avoidance · Gravitational collapse · Inhomogeneous fluid
Year
2025
Journal INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS
DOI
Researchers Akbar Jahan ، ، Shayesteh Ghaffari ، Amir Hadi Ziaie

Abstract

Various types of inhomogeneous collapse models in general relativity (GR) lead to the formation of spacetime singularities either visible or hidden by a spacetime horizon. Our aim in the present work is to search for nonsingular models in Rastall gravity that arise as the final outcomes of spherically symmetric gravitational collapse of an inhomogeneous matter cloud. We firstly assume linear equations of state (EoS) for radial and tangential pressure profiles, i.e., pr = wrρ and pθ = wθρ, then we set the Rastall parameter in such a way that the effective pressure in radial direction vanishes and examine the conditions under which the spacetime singularity can be avoided. We find exact nonsingular collapse solutions for which the collapsing cloud reaches a minimum physical radius at a finite amount of time and then rebounds to an expanding phase where the matter shells start moving away from each other. The solutions we obtain respect the weak energy condition (WEC) which is important for physical validity of the model.