In Iran, wheat is considered as a valuable crop to achieve political and economic stability, and also it is considered as an important factor in improving the income of many farmers. The objective of the present study was the effect of priming and foliar application of Paclobutrazol at different concentration of it on increasing wheat production and higher yield per unit area. This experiment was carried out as factorial in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 16 treatment and three replications in the research farm of Department of Agriculture, Maragheh University, in 2013-2014 years.The first factor included priming at 4 levels (Control, hydro-priming, priming with 25 and 100 mg. lit PBZ); and the second factor included foliar application at 4 levels (distilled water (Control), 30, 60 and 90 mg. lit PBZ). The characteristics of plant height, number of fertile tillers per plant, peduncle length, penultimate length, days till heading, spike number per m 314 www.iioab.org | Pirahmadi et al. 2016 | IIOABJ | Vol. 7 | Suppl 5 | 314-325 | -1 , seed number per spike, 100-seed weight, spikelet number per spike, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index (HI), protein percentage and protein yield were measured. The obtained data were subjected to a statistical analysis using SPSS, MSTAT.C; StatisticalAnalysis System. The analysis of variance showed that seed priming had significant (p≤0.01) effects on number of spikelets per spike, grain number per spike, biological yield, protein yield and was (p ≤ 0.05) significant on the plant height and stem length, spike length, 100-seed weight and grain yield. The interaction of seed priming and foliar had significant (p≤ 0/05) effect on Penultimate length and Harvest Index. The means of the collected data from the different treatments during both PBZ applications were compared using Duncan’s test, with P≤ 0.05 and P≤ 0.01 as significant. The analysis of variance showed that the effects of seed priming and the interaction of pr
