Many challenges for developing new materials for the selective capture and separations of pollutants of energy industries were investigated. Bio-MOFs, which are biologically and environmentally compatible metal ions and bio-molecular ligands, have spurred the development of renewable and recyclable porous materials according to green chemistry principles. This chapter addresses the different bio-ligands for MOF structure and their use in energy industries by gas storage and CO2 capture as well as by combining multiple coordination sites and contain a variety of functional groups which may be suitable for binding metal ions that can help to control various interactions and chemical bonding, resulting in flexible structures. More so, current works and researches and challenges of incorporating bio-ligands such as amino acids, peptides, nucleobases, polysaccharides, porphyrins, and plant-based compounds are discussed and have afforded insights and new knowledge into this exciting subdiscipline of research to design new generation MOFs.
