Lepidium sativum L. is one of native vegetable crops from origin of Iran which is a fastgrowing edible herb. A study was conducted using 81 genotypes (77 accessions of genebank Department of Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) in Gatersleben, Germany and four local varieties from different geographical areas of Iran) which were evaluated for phenological and plant structural traits. The genotype× trait (GT) biplot analysis was applied and shoed that the first two principal components of the site regression model accounted for 70% of the total interaction. The vertex accessions were G23, G59, G61, G51, G6 and G12 while important traits consist on seed and biological yield were favorable in sectors of G32 and G12 and these vertex accessions were fell in same sectors. Based on seed yield performance, accession G6 was the best genotype, followed by accessions G29, G32, G48 and G50. The results showed that the studied germplasm may be an important material for improving yield and some yield components which can be used to design efficient breeding strategies in Lepidium sativum. By applying GT biplot to our garden cress trials, interrelationships among the garden cress traits were clearly shown, providing more information on these relationships Our results indicated that biological diversity of Lepidium sativum L., may be an important source for improving some components such as number of siliques per plant, number of seeds of silique per plant and 1000-seed weight.
