A copper-doped fluorohydroxyapatite (Cu-FHAp) coating was successfully electrodeposited onto anodized and non-anodized AZ31 alloy using a pulse-reverse method combined with ultrasonic agitation. The effects of anodizing and ultrasonic agitation on the performance characteristics of the Cu-FHAp coating deposited on the AZ31 magnesium alloy surface were studied. The results reveal that ultrasonication reduces coating thickness while enhancing uniformity and density. Anodizing increases roughness and diminishes hydrophobicity. Coatings produced under ultrasonic conditions displayed reduced hydrophobicity and improved cell attachment but lower corrosion resistance. In contrast, coatings formed on anodized alloys through stirring achieved optimal characteristics, benefiting from the protective properties of interlayer MgO.
