Introduction: Omentin-1 is an adipokine that is expressed and secreted in visceral adipose tissue and increases insulin sensitivity. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise on plasma omentin-1 levels and body composition in overweight and obese female students. Method: In this quasi-experimental study, 20 overweight and obese female students were randomly selected and divided into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group trained in an eight-week training program with three sessions per week, with an intensity of 60 to 75% of maximum heart rate. Blood sampling was performed after twelve hours of fasting at different stages under similar conditions and plasma omentin levels were measured. Results: Based on the findings, eight weeks of aerobic exercise caused significant changes in the variables omentin-1 (p=0.005), BMI (p=0.002), WHR (p=0.018) and body fat percentage (p=0.015). Conclusion: Aerobic exercise with a significant increase in omentin-1 had a preventive effect on cardiovascular diseases; therefore, it can be considered as a therapeutic method for increasing insulin sensitivity.
