عنوان مجله
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Journal of Ornamental Plants
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چکیده
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Essential oil of Iranian damask rose has high quality because of its desirable climatic and growing conditions. In the present study, an RCBD design was
used to investigate the morphology and phytochemical characteristics of six
damask rose landraces, collected from East Azerbaijan province. The investigated
landraces showed a significant difference among morphological traits. According
to the morphological characteristics, the landraces were grouped in two distinct
classes including thorny and thornless. Qazi Jahan, Nadilu, and Kharaju (thornless) were the most suitable ecotypes in terms of flower yield and growth. Interestingly, petal, bud, and flower fresh and dry weight, bud number per branch, and
essential oil content had a positive and significant correlation with flower yield.
Essential oil analysis showed that citronellol, geraniol and n-nonadecane were the
major components of the rose landraces. The amount of citronellol in the thorny
genotypes was higher than that in thornless ones. On the other hand, n. nonadecane
was the dominant component in the thornless genotypes. Our results demonstrated
significant differences among the two classes of genotypes (with/without thorn)
in terms of essential oil quality and flower yield. The important indices that influenced yield and percentage of essential oil of damask rose were petal fresh/dry
weight, flower weight, petal length/width, and petal number among the 14 morphological traits, in addition to yield and essential oil percentage. There was a significant difference in odor between the thorny landraces and thornless ones. There
was no significant difference in leaf length and width and number of branches per
area between different landraces. These differences introduced a new variety of
damask rose for breeding programs and industry.
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