کلیدواژهها
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In silico, Giardia lamblia, Origanum vulgare, Flavonoid, Giardiasis
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چکیده
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Background: Giardia lamblia is the most common intestinal protozoan pathogen in human. This
microorganism has a widespread distribution in the world and causes giardiasis. All chemical
drugs that are available for the treatment of this infection have side effects. On the other hand,
medicinal plants have shown promising effects in treating different kinds of parasitic diseases,
including giardiasis. Origanum vulgare is a plant that has shown positive effects in the treatment
of giardiasis in animal studies and in vitro. The purpose of this investigation was to examine how
the flavonoids from the plant impact the key Giardia pathway.
Methods: The Giardia parasite depends heavily on the arginine dihydrolase pathway to produce
ATP, which is essential for its survival. This metabolic process enables the parasite to generate up
to seven to eight times more energy from arginine than from glucose, making it the most critical
pathway for Giardia's survival. To study this pathway, we performed pairwise molecular docking
between various flavonoids and the virulence factors. Afterward, they assessed the characteristics
of each flavonoid, such as toxicity, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, using the
Swiss-ADME Webserver.
Results: According to the findings of the molecular docking studies, three flavonoids (luteolin, 7-
glucuronide, Naringin and Rutin) extracted from Origanum vulgare plant exhibited superior
performance and are worth exploring for drug design purposes. It is worth noting that none of these
three flavonoids demonstrated notable toxicity.
Conclusion: This study suggests that the flavonoids luteolin, 7-glucuronide, Naringin and Rutin
extracted from the Origanum vulgare plant could be potential candidates for drug design against
Giardia lamblia. These flavonoids showed superior performance in inhibiting the critical virulence
factors of the parasite without showing any significant toxicity. Further studies are necessary to
evaluate their efficacy
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