چکیده
|
Due to their sessile nature, plants cannot escape adverse environmental
conditions. Constantly changing environmental conditions are a
source of stress for plants (Cramer et al., 2011; Dresselhaus and Hückelhoven,
2018; Akbaba and ¨Ozden, 2023). These sources are divided
into two categories: biotic and abiotic stressors. Stressed plants do not
reach their genetic capacity in terms of productivity. For their survival,
plants have developed a number of complex defence systems to help
them cope with their ever-changing environment. The plant defence
system consists mainly of enzymatic and non-enzymatic components, as
reported and reviewed in a very large number of studies (Hasanuzzaman
et al., 2020; Rajput et al., 2021).
|