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چکیده
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This study aimed to evaluate a range of morphological traits in 64 garden cress accessions, across Ardabil and Eyvanki, Iran. The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with three replications. To facilitate the interpretation of the data, graphical analysis was performed using the genotype-by-trait (G × T) biplot model, which explained 73 % and 76 % of the variance in Ardabil and Eyvanki, respectively. The model employed symmetrical scaling of the first two components for both genotypes and traits. The analysis revealed a positive association between seed yield and the number of seeds in the main stem pods at both locations. Additionally, strong positive correlations were observed among key yield components, including lateral branches, total pods per plant, and seeds in the lateral branch pods. Genotypic performance varied across the two environments: in Ardabil, genotype 49 (LEP-108), followed by genotype 47 (LEP-106), exhibited superior performance for most traits. In Eyvanki, genotype 10, followed by genotypes 43 (LEP-76), 48 (LEP-107), and 62 (Tabriz), performed the best across nearly all measured traits. For increasing seed yield, genotype 10 (LEP-22 from Germany) and genotype 49 (LEP-108 from Armenia) were identified as the most promising candidates, so they will enter in multi environmental trails for exploring specific positive genotype by environment interaction and probably cultivar release process. Genotype 52 showed high biomass and moderate seed yield in both locations and may be a suitable candidate for cultivar release. However, all of the studied genotypes will conserve for using in next breeding programs aiming various targets.
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