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Abstract
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Damask rose is one of the most economically important rose species in Iran. After drought, salinity is the most common environmental stress that reduces plant growth and yield, especially in arid and semi-arid areas of the world, but it is probably related to genotype. One way to reduce salinity damage is to plant and select plants resistant to salinity. To investigate the effect of salt stress on Damask rose Kashan genotype, an experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replicates and five salt levels, including 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mM NaCl, under in vitro culture conditions. The average comparison showed that the amount of soluble protein was inversely related to increasing salinity. The lowest protein levels were related to the high salt content in the culture medium. The results showed that the amount of proline, malondialdehyde and H2O2 increased with increasing salt stress, although the lowest amount was observed in the control treatment. The total phenolic and flavonoid content of the leaves was also affected by increased salinity stress as the highest amount was observed at 100 mM NaCl in the culture medium. In addition, the results showed that with increasing salt stress, the amount of carbohydrates and anthocyanins also increased. The antioxidant capacity of leaf extracts in explants exposed to 100 mM NaCl was higher than at other salt levels. Overall, in Damask rose with salt stress, antioxidant capacity increased in response to salinity although plant growth may be reduced.
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